Fuel-injecting nozzle for internal-combustion engines.



K. J. E'HESSELMAN. FUEL INJEGTING NOZZLE FOB INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION 21mm JULY 1, 1908.

910,535. Patel lted Jan. 26, 1909;

. in Fuel-Injecting KNUI JONAS ELIAS HESSELMAN, OF STOOKHOLM, SWEDEN.

FUEL-INJECTING NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 26, 1909.

Application filed July 1, 1908. Serial No. 441,365

To all whom it may concern:

" In the accompanying drawing I have Be it known that I, KNUT JONAS ELIAS l shown some embodiments of my invention.

HESSELMAN, a citizen of the Kingdom of Sweden, residing at Stockholm, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements Nozzles for Internal-Combustion Engines, of'which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates to improvements in fuel injecting nozzles for internal combustion engines.

In internal combustion en es where the liquid fuel is forced into t 'e combustion chamber by means of a gaseous a ent under pressure, such as compressed air, t ere are in several cases used so called fuel injecting nozzles through which the mixture of fuel and compressed air (or any other gas) is admitted to the combustion chamber. The nozzles of said kind heretofore known, which have a plurality of channels or passages ar ranged around the center of the nozzle body,

. suffer from the disadvantage that the heavier particles (the fuel particles) of the mixture follow the sides of the channels located nearest to the center of the nozzle body while the compressed air flows through the outer parts of the said channels this depending on that the latter are straight and diverging towards the combustion chamber. The result is that the fuel when it comes into the combustion chamber together with the air and the latter expands is inclosed by an air mantle instead of being distributed uniformly in the combustion chamber, this in its turn resulting in an imperfect combustion. The said disadvantage is fully removed by the resent invention according to which the c -annels of the nozzle are curved or of ununiform crosssection in such a manner that the mixture of fuel and air (or gas) is compelled while flowing through the channels to change its direction of movement inwards (towards the centerwof the nozzle body), so that the fuel particles by the centrifugal power will be thrown outwards against the outer portions of the channel walls while the main part of the air will flow along the sides of the channels which are nearest tothe center of the nozzle body. In this case no air mantle will be formed around the fuel when the mixture of air and fuel comes into the combustion chamber, and experiments have proved that the combustion is much more perfect than in the old nozzles.

Figure 1 shows diagrammatically a sectional view of an old nozzle. Figs. 2-5 show similar views of difierent construction forms of the present invention.

In the old nozzle (Fig. 1) the mixture of fuel and air (or gas), after the valve 1 has been opened, rushes through the straight channels or passages 2 into the combustion chamber, the heavier particles, i. e. the fuel particles, following the walls of the channels located nearest to the center of the nozzle. In the nozzle shown in Fig. 2 having curved channels 3 the mixture of fuel and air will be compelled to change its direction of move- .ment while passing through the channels in such amanner that the fuel centrifugal power will be thrown against the outer walls of the channels, which they will main part of the air following the opposite or inner wall portions of the channels. The same result obviously will be effected by means of the nozzle shown in Fig. 3, where the channels 4 are angle shaped. In Fig. 4 the channels are of uniform cross-section being widened at the inlet ends or at both ends as is shown. In this form the mixture of fuel and gas will strike the portions of the channel walls indicated by 6 and will on account thereof change its direction of movements outwards. Thereupon it will strike change its direction of movement inwards whereby the same separation of the constituents of the mixture as in the forms shown in Figs. 2 and 3 will take place.

In the nozzle shown in Fig. 5 a part of the central portion of the nozzle body is cut away so that the channels 7 end in a chamber 8 opentowards thecombustion chamber of the engine and being suitably of circular crosssection. The walls of the said chamber 8 form an angle with the channels or are curved inlongitudinal section, as is shown, in such a manner that the fuel particles will be thrown against the wall of the chamber 8 and thereupon follow the same.

Obviously I do not limit myself to the construction forms shown in the drawing, in as much as the form of the channels may be varied in many other ways without deviating from the spirit of the invention. It may also be pointed out that the invention may particles by the i the outer wall portions of the channels and then follow until leaving the channels, the 1 be applied'to nozzles having only one chan- -nel of annular or similar cross-section.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A nozzle of the type described having a channelfor conducting an explosive mixture to the combustion chamber of-an engine;

and also having a conduit for conducting 1 against the outer portion of the channel wall;

substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. Anozzle of the type described having a body and a chamber open toward the com-4 bustion chamber of an engine,

channels formed in part b the said chamber and a conduit for con ucting explosive channels being deflected inwardly, with respect to the line of the said conduit, to compel the explosive mixture while passing through the channels to chan e its direction of movement inwardly, where y the fuel par-. ticles of the. mixture will be thrown outwardly by centrifugal action against the outer portions of the channel walls, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

KNUT JONAS ELIAS HESSELMAN.-

Witnesses:

EVARD DELMAR, HILDNE HZiKANsoN. Y

and also hav mixture to the channels; the said 

